Lower Back Pain | 腰痛

Quadratus Lumborum is the deepest muscle of the lumbar region. Extends from pelvis to last rib. It contracts while sitting, walking and standing and is therefore very susceptible to pain formation. Pain is usually caused by overuse, but can sometimes be caused by weakness and tension. Constantly standing in the same position will reduce blood flow and thus pave the way for pain. At the same time, the weakness of the back extensor muscles can also form the basis of the pain as it will put a load on the Quadratus Lumborum.

A trigger point is a sensitive area of  muscle or connective tissue that hurts when stimulated or pressed. Trigger points are also often described as small knots. Pressing a trigger point can also cause directed or radiating pain. Radiating pain is the discomfort felt more in a different part of the body when the sensitive point is pressed. Quadratus lumborum trigger points can cause pain in the lower back, pelvis, and hips.

Quadratus lumborum trigger points can cause deep pain in the lower back or a stabbing sensation in the hips or pelvis. It can also cause sharp pain when the QL shortens when coughing or sneezing.
 

Causes

• Poor posture
• Occupational stresses such as prolonged sitting or standing at the workplace or continuous lifting activities.
• Sedentary lifestyle
• Obesity
• Muscle spasm( quadratus lumborum)
• Pregnancy

Physiotherapy Management

Since the Quadratus lumborum Syndrome is under the heading of lumbosacral back pain Syndrome, many surrounding structures need to be addressed during the treatment.

Strategies:

• Relieving the tension of iliopsoas and the muscles and fascia in contact with it. And Muscles that remain structurally connected to the sacrotuberous ligament.
• Reducing the atrophy of gluteus medius, gluteus maximus, sacrotuberous ligament, and erector spinae.
• Reeducation of correct motor firing patterns of the trunk and hip by exercises.